Simple heat pumps problems and solutions to them

Heat pump technology is reliable and well tested. Heat pump problems and troubleshooting are very similar to those of air conditioners and the commonest causes are the same: dirty filters, dirty coils, thermostats set incorrectly, etc.

Most heat pumps problems are easily fixed by a qualified technician. But before calling an expert dealer to your home for a service visit, you may attempt some few simple diagnosis and solutions.

Problems with Low airflow

A low if airflow - less than 350 cfm per ton - deteriorates the heat pump performance. A technician can easily increase the airflow (by cleaning the evaporator coil and by increasing the fan speed), but modifications in the ductwork may also be need.

refrigerant Charge Problems

The refrigeration system should be leak-checked regularly to avoid problems.

Since split-system heat pumps aren't factory-charged, troubleshooting due to an incorrect level of refrigerant charge and airflow are common in this type of heat pump… Temperatures and pressures should match with those specified by the manufacturer.

Dirty filter and coils

Blocked filter and dirty coils are a common cause of heat pumps problems (a blocked filter can cause the unit to shut down for lack of proper airflow). The heat pump filter should be changed regularly. Dirty coils can also cause the same problems.

Air grilles

Check all return air grilles to make sure they aren't blocked (by furniture, for instance). Check all supply air grilles (normally located on your walls) to make sure they are open and blowing air. Blocked air grilles are a common source of heat pumps problems.

Thermostats

Check the thermostat temperatures. Make sure that the thermostat is set in the right position (heat or cold) and that the settings are correct.

Electric panels

Check the circuit breakers at the heat pump electrical panel to make sure they are in the "On" position. Check other switches to be sure that they are also in the "On" position

Excessive noise

Are the heat pumps fans and compressors making to much noise? A good heat pump model has an outdoor sound rating of 7.6 bels or lower...

Make sure that the source of the noise problem isn't the location of the heat pump outdoor unit (it should be located well away from windows and obstructions). The unit should be mounted on a noise-absorbing base.

Frosting problems

Frost can affect the coils in the outside unit of the heat pump. If your heat pump hasn't a demand-defrost control, pay attention to melting ice routines. Frost and ice are common sources of heat pump problems in cold climates.

problems caused by Wind

The location of the heat pump outdoor unit affects its efficiency. Outdoor units shouldn't be facing high winds: they are a cause of frosting problems. A strategically placed bush or fence can solve some heat pump problems.

Heat pumps and electric furnaces

If your heat heat pump is connected to an electric furnace, see if the heat pump coil is placed on the cold (upstream) side of the furnace. Otherwise you risk low-performance.