wind turbines and legal requirements

Micro turbines do not pose legal or regulatory issues in their implementation, but other turbines and wind systems (even small turbines) do.

Legal requirements

Legal requirements vary widely among states and jurisdictions, but they are mainly of four types:

- zoning bylaws;
- safety and technical requirements;
- environmental assessments (for larger turbines);
- liabilities and insurances.

Looking for Help & Legal issues

The easiest way to escape to regulatory and legal daunting tasks, is to get the help of someone familiar with wind legal stuff.

In USA you may look for consultants at the American Wind Energy Association directory. Lawyers familiar with local legal issues may also help you to deal with permits. Also in USA, for information on legal issues, see: Windustry.

permits

Before investing in a wind energy turbine call a local building inspector, or planning board, to know about zoning and building requirements. Most restrictions to wind turbines occur in dense areas, due to the wind tower’s height or to concerns involving safety and aesthetics.

Wind farms and large turbines demand detailed professional plans, involving the system and the site. In other cases, the manufacturer documentation is usually enough.

Electrical codes and safety issues

Authorities may demand certified installation, components (blades, rotor...), etc.

Many of these elements and certifications are part of the wind powered system, and supplied by the manufacturer and the installer. They include electrical codes, certifications and tests made by laboratories, or industry standards.

Environmental Assessments

Medium and large wind systems may also be subject to environmental assessments. These studies and their content are usually lengthy and may involve public consultations (in the case of large onshore systems). In small wind systems, the legal environmental framework doesn't exist or are rather simple.

Liabilities and Insurance

Chances of damage, accidents or problems are low, but the risk of fire, ice throwing, lightning and theft should be covered, and you should contact your insurance company.

In the case of small wind systems, common insurance policies are often applicable or extended in order to cover possible damages or potential injuries caused by the wind turbine.

Be careful, anyway. Reserve a set-back distance from property lines and buildings when installing the turbine. Build safety fences and protections around the turbine. That may reduce the insurance costs.